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Mensaje: <blockquote data-quote="ARGENTVS" data-source="post: 1707359" data-attributes="member: 93">Cambiemos el tema cuando no puedo refutar y quedé en evidencia...<a href="http://www.globalresearch.ca/us-global-power-in-the-21st-century-military-or-economic-imperialism/5404911">http://www.globalresearch.ca/us-global-power-in-the-21st-century-military-or-economic-imperialism/5404911</a><a href="http://www.globalresearch.ca/neo-colonialism-and-the-changing-nature-imperialism-in-africa/5385713">http://www.globalresearch.ca/neo-colonialism-and-the-changing-nature-imperialism-in-africa/5385713</a>The Imperial LegacyAccording to Mann: ‘the United States has always been imperial, though in very different ways in different times and places’ (Mann 2008: 45).  Some scholars argue that the United States was an imperialist nation right from the outset, and describe the settlement of the continental U.S. as the first stage of American imperialism (Mann 2008: 13-14).  With the 1823 Monroe Doctrine, the United States ‘declared all of Latin America its sphere of influence,’ thus beginning its assertion of hemispheric, rather than merely continental, control (Johnson 2004: 2).  During the Spanish-American War the ‘United States first became a formal colonial empire by acquiring the unincorporated territories of Philippines, Puerto Rico, Guam, and Samoa’ (Go 2007: 76; Mann 2008: 15).  The United States continued to assert its dominance over the lower half of the western hemisphere by launching 28 interventions in Central America and the Caribbean between 1899 and 1930 in order to overthrow hostile governments or suppress rebels (Mann 2008: 19).The power of the United States grew after two successive world wars, and emerged as one of two superpowers after the second (Mann 2008: 22).  After World War II the United States ‘built a sphere of influence and a weak economic zone over Western Europe and Northeast Asia’ with ‘extensive control over the security policies of West Germany, Japan and South Korea’ (Lake 2008: 285).During the Cold War the informal American empire continued in the 3rd World, where the ‘U.S. intervened militarily against revolutionary movements or mildly leftist-leaning governments, confident that it could rule them indirectly, through local oligarchies’ (Mann 2003: 88).  It also developed ‘temporary (indirect) colonies in Korea and Vietnam’ (Mann 2008: 25).After the collapse of the USSR, America’s ‘newfound military preponderance led to interventions in Panama, the Gulf War, Somalia, Haiti, Bosnia, and Kosovo’ (Mann 2003: 6).  Both the first Bush administration and the Clinton administration extended the range of U.S. military interventions against what were termed “rogue states”:  Iraq in 1991, airstrikes in Yugoslavia, intervention in Somalia and the acquiring of military bases in Saudi Arabia and the Balkans (Mann 2008: 37).  Under Clinton, many believed that American military power was being used for ‘purely humanitarian reasons’ but this is not easily distinguishable from past imperial powers’ ‘civilizing missions’ (Mann 2003: 8).  Lastly, America’s imperial legacy is evident most recently with ‘the invasion and occupation of Iraq [and] the creation of a client state in Afghanistan’ (Hunt 2007: 309).Today the American empire consists of several unincorporated territories: the Mariana Islands, the Marshall Islands, the Federated States of Micronesia, Puerto Rico, Guam, the Virgin Islands, and American Samoa (Lutz 2006: 595).  It also maintains imperial influence over Korea, whose military remains under the wartime command of the US military, and Japan, which allocates part of its domestic budget to the U.S. Dept of Defense for military bases positioned there (Lutz 2006: 595).  The U.S. has over 700 military bases in other parts of the world as well, (Johnson 2004: 4) with ‘more than one million men and women at arms on five continents’ (Cox 2005: 18).Although defining America as an ‘empire’ is controversial, there is little question that its foreign policy has at times taken on an imperial cast.  The larger debate concerns whether this imperial legacy has been deliberate or accidental in nature.<a href="http://www.e-ir.info/2010/11/24/is-america-an-imperial-power-by-design-or-by-accident/">http://www.e-ir.info/2010/11/24/is-america-an-imperial-power-by-design-or-by-accident/</a><a href="http://www.academia.edu/6329488/Manifest_Destiny_the_Veiled_Mask_of_Imperialism">http://www.academia.edu/6329488/Manifest_Destiny_the_Veiled_Mask_of_Imperialism</a></blockquote>

Verificación: Libertador de Argentina