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Aviación Comercial y Tecnología Aeroespacial
UN BOEING B-727 ES ESTRELLADO CONTRA EL SUELO…..ADREDE PARA UN EXPERIMENTO
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<blockquote data-quote="Grulla" data-source="post: 1314825" data-attributes="member: 5064"><p>No se estampo de panza con los trenes retraídos, sino con el tren afuera a alta velocidad. No se que tiene que ver como se va a desplazar después del impacto, si tiene motores bajo el ala o no.</p><p></p><p>En este video se ve claramente que aterriza con el tren afuera:</p><p></p><p>[media=youtube]CndgdPBv8Wg[/media]</p><p></p><p>No voy a traducir la nota, ahi dice claramente que se buscaba con el experimento. Cuando diseñas un experimento asi, tratas de que sea lo mas representativo posible. Lo que se buscaba era obtener datos de las acelaraciones a las que se verían sometidos los pasajeros, los asientos, las tomas de los asientos en los rieles, el piso de la cabina, los portaequipajes superiores, etc. Estamos hablando que venis volando y de golpe aterrizas a una velocidad y/o ángulo mayor a lo indicado, con la consiguiente y/o probable daño/falla catastrofica de la estructura del fuselaje, pero no estan investigando como se va a desplazar, doblar o romper, sino la carga dinámica a la que se ven sometidos en ese momento....del impacto.</p><p></p><p>Nadie esta estampando un avión de esa forma cada vez que sale un nuevo diseño, entonces para demostrar que cumple con la regulación los asientos se prueban por separado, en laboratorio, bajo ciertas hipotesis de cargas (intensidad, duración, etc). Este experimento intenta, entre otras cosas, demostrar la validez de esos ensayos.</p><p></p><p>Concretamente ensayos para demostrar cumplimiento con este punto de la regulación</p><p></p><p></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px"><span style="font-family: 'Arial'"><span style="color: #3d3d3d"><strong><span style="font-size: 15px"><span style="font-family: 'Arial'"><span style="color: #000080">Code of Federal Regulations</span></span></span></strong></span></span></span></p><p></p><p></p><p><a href="http://rgl.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgFAR.nsf/0/7f3836bf826c43bc8525667200500b2b!OpenDocument&ExpandSection=-1#_Section1"><span style="font-size: 15px"><span style="font-family: 'Arial'"><img src="http://rgl.faa.gov/icons/collapse.gif" alt="" class="fr-fic fr-dii fr-draggable " style="" /></span></span></a><strong><span style="font-size: 15px"><span style="font-family: 'Arial'"><span style="color: #3d3d3d"><span style="color: #000080">Sec. 25.562</span></span></span></span></strong></p><p></p><p><span style="font-family: 'Arial'">Part 25 AIRWORTHINESS STANDARDS: TRANSPORT CATEGORY AIRPLANES</span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'Arial'">Subpart C--Structure </span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'Arial'">Emergency Landing Conditions</span></p><p></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px"><span style="font-family: 'Arial'"><span style="color: #3d3d3d">Sec. 25.562</span></span></span></p><p></p><p><strong><span style="font-size: 15px"><span style="font-family: 'Arial'"><span style="color: #3d3d3d">[</span></span></span></strong><span style="font-size: 15px"><span style="font-family: 'Arial'"><span style="color: #3d3d3d">Emergency landing dynamic conditions.</span></span></span><strong><span style="font-size: 15px"><span style="font-family: 'Arial'"><span style="color: #3d3d3d">]</span></span></span></strong></p><p></p><p><strong><span style="font-size: 15px"><span style="font-family: 'Arial'"><span style="color: #3d3d3d">[</span></span></span></strong><span style="font-size: 15px"><span style="font-family: 'Arial'"><span style="color: #3d3d3d">(a) The seat and restrain system in the airplane must be designed as prescribed in this section to protect each occupant during an emergency landing condition when--</span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px"><span style="font-family: 'Arial'"><span style="color: #3d3d3d">(1) Proper use is made of seats, safety belts, and shoulder harnesses provided for in the design; and</span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px"><span style="font-family: 'Arial'"><span style="color: #3d3d3d">(2) The occupant is exposed to loads resulting from the conditions prescribed in this section.</span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px"><span style="font-family: 'Arial'"><span style="color: #3d3d3d">(b) Each seat type design approved for crew or passenger occupancy during takeoff and landing must successfully complete dynamic tests or be demonstrated by rational analysis based on dynamic tests of a similar type seat, in accordance with each of the following emergency landing conditions. The tests must be conducted with an occupant simulated by a 170-pound anthropomorphic test dummy, as defined by 49 CFR Part 572, Subpart B, or its equivalent, sitting in the normal upright position.</span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px"><span style="font-family: 'Arial'"><span style="color: #3d3d3d">(1) A change in downward vertical velocity (</span></span></span><strong><span style="font-size: 15px"><span style="font-family: 'Arial'"><span style="color: #3d3d3d"><span style="font-size: 15px"><span style="font-family: 'Symbol'">D Ú</span></span></span></span></span></strong><span style="font-size: 15px"><span style="font-family: 'Symbol'"><span style="color: #3d3d3d">)</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 15px"><span style="font-family: 'Arial'"><span style="color: #3d3d3d"> of not less than 35 feet per second, with the airplane's longitudinal axis canted downward 30 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane and with the wings level. Peak floor deceleration must occur in not more than 0.08 seconds after impact and must reach a minimum of 14g.</span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px"><span style="font-family: 'Arial'"><span style="color: #3d3d3d">(2) A change in forward longitudinal velocity (</span></span></span><strong><span style="font-size: 15px"><span style="font-family: 'Arial'"><span style="color: #3d3d3d"><span style="font-size: 15px"><span style="font-family: 'Symbol'">D Ú</span></span></span></span></span></strong><span style="font-size: 15px"><span style="font-family: 'Symbol'"><span style="color: #3d3d3d">)</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 15px"><span style="font-family: 'Arial'"><span style="color: #3d3d3d"> of not less than 44 feet per second, with the airplane's longitudinal axis horizontal and yawed 10 degrees either right or left, whichever would cause the greatest likelihood of the upper torso restraint system (where installed) moving off the occupant's shoulder, and with the wings level. Peak floor deceleration must occur in not more than 0.09 seconds after impact and must reach a minimum of 16g. Where floor rails or floor fittings are used to attach the seating devices to the test fixture, the rails or fittings must be misaligned with respect to the adjacent set of rails or fittings by at least 10 degrees vertically (i.e., out of parallel) with one rolled 10 degrees.</span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px"><span style="font-family: 'Arial'"><span style="color: #3d3d3d">(c) The following performance measures must not be exceeded during the dynamic tests conducted in accordance with paragraph (b) of this section:</span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px"><span style="font-family: 'Arial'"><span style="color: #3d3d3d">(1) Where upper torso straps are used for crewmembers, tension loads in individual straps must not exceed 1,750 pounds. If dual straps are used for restraining the upper torso, the total strap tension loads must not exceed 2,000 pounds.</span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px"><span style="font-family: 'Arial'"><span style="color: #3d3d3d">(2) The maximum compressive load measured between the pelvis and the lumbar column of the anthropomorphic dummy must not exceed 1,500 pounds.</span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px"><span style="font-family: 'Arial'"><span style="color: #3d3d3d">(3) The upper torso restraint straps (where installed) must remain on the occupant's shoulder during the impact.</span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px"><span style="font-family: 'Arial'"><span style="color: #3d3d3d">(4) The lap safety belt must remain on the occupant's pelvis during the impact.</span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px"><span style="font-family: 'Arial'"><span style="color: #3d3d3d">(5) Each occupant must be protected from serious head injury under the conditions prescribed in paragraph (b) of this section. Where head contact with seats or other structure can occur, protection must be provided so that the head impact does not exceed a Head Injury Criterion (HIC) of 1,000 units. The level of HIC is defined by the equation:</span></span></span></p><p></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px"><span style="font-family: 'Arial'"><span style="color: #3d3d3d"><img src="http://rgl.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgFAR.nsf/0/7f3836bf826c43bc8525667200500b2b/SectionRule/0.159A!OpenElement&FieldElemFormat=gif" alt="" class="fr-fic fr-dii fr-draggable " style="" /></span></span></span></p><p></p><p><em><span style="font-size: 15px"><span style="font-family: 'Arial'"><span style="color: #3d3d3d">Where:</span></span></span></em></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px"><span style="font-family: 'Arial'"><span style="color: #3d3d3d">t1 is the initial integration time,</span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px"><span style="font-family: 'Arial'"><span style="color: #3d3d3d">t2 is the final integration time, and</span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px"><span style="font-family: 'Arial'"><span style="color: #3d3d3d">a(t) is the total acceleration vs. time curve for the head strike, and where</span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px"><span style="font-family: 'Arial'"><span style="color: #3d3d3d">(t) is in seconds, and (a) is in units of gravity (g).</span></span></span></p><p></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px"><span style="font-family: 'Arial'"><span style="color: #3d3d3d">(6) Where leg injuries may result from contact with seats or other structure, protection must be provided to prevent axially compressive loads exceeding 2,250 pounds in each femur.</span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px"><span style="font-family: 'Arial'"><span style="color: #3d3d3d">(7) The seat must remain attached at all points of attachment, although the structure may have yielded.</span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px"><span style="font-family: 'Arial'"><span style="color: #3d3d3d">(8) Seats must not yield under the tests specified in paragraphs (b)(1) and (b)(2) of this section to the extent they would impede rapid evacuation of the airplane occupants.</span></span></span><strong><span style="font-size: 15px"><span style="font-family: 'Arial'"><span style="color: #3d3d3d">]</span></span></span></strong></p><p></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px"><span style="font-family: 'Arial'"><span style="color: #3d3d3d">Amdt. 25-64, Eff. 6/16/88</span></span></span></p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="Grulla, post: 1314825, member: 5064"] No se estampo de panza con los trenes retraídos, sino con el tren afuera a alta velocidad. No se que tiene que ver como se va a desplazar después del impacto, si tiene motores bajo el ala o no. En este video se ve claramente que aterriza con el tren afuera: [media=youtube]CndgdPBv8Wg[/media] No voy a traducir la nota, ahi dice claramente que se buscaba con el experimento. Cuando diseñas un experimento asi, tratas de que sea lo mas representativo posible. Lo que se buscaba era obtener datos de las acelaraciones a las que se verían sometidos los pasajeros, los asientos, las tomas de los asientos en los rieles, el piso de la cabina, los portaequipajes superiores, etc. Estamos hablando que venis volando y de golpe aterrizas a una velocidad y/o ángulo mayor a lo indicado, con la consiguiente y/o probable daño/falla catastrofica de la estructura del fuselaje, pero no estan investigando como se va a desplazar, doblar o romper, sino la carga dinámica a la que se ven sometidos en ese momento....del impacto. Nadie esta estampando un avión de esa forma cada vez que sale un nuevo diseño, entonces para demostrar que cumple con la regulación los asientos se prueban por separado, en laboratorio, bajo ciertas hipotesis de cargas (intensidad, duración, etc). Este experimento intenta, entre otras cosas, demostrar la validez de esos ensayos. Concretamente ensayos para demostrar cumplimiento con este punto de la regulación [SIZE=4][FONT=Arial][COLOR=#3d3d3d][B][SIZE=4][FONT=Arial][COLOR=#000080]Code of Federal Regulations[/COLOR][/FONT][/SIZE][/B][/COLOR][/FONT][/SIZE] [URL='http://rgl.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgFAR.nsf/0/7f3836bf826c43bc8525667200500b2b!OpenDocument&ExpandSection=-1#_Section1'][SIZE=4][FONT=Arial][IMG]http://rgl.faa.gov/icons/collapse.gif[/IMG][/FONT][/SIZE][/URL][B][SIZE=4][FONT=Arial][COLOR=#3d3d3d][COLOR=#000080]Sec. 25.562[/COLOR][/COLOR][/FONT][/SIZE][/B] [FONT=Arial]Part 25 AIRWORTHINESS STANDARDS: TRANSPORT CATEGORY AIRPLANES[/FONT] [FONT=Arial]Subpart C--Structure [/FONT] [FONT=Arial]Emergency Landing Conditions[/FONT] [SIZE=4][FONT=Arial][COLOR=#3d3d3d]Sec. 25.562[/COLOR][/FONT][/SIZE] [B][SIZE=4][FONT=Arial][COLOR=#3d3d3d][[/COLOR][/FONT][/SIZE][/B][SIZE=4][FONT=Arial][COLOR=#3d3d3d]Emergency landing dynamic conditions.[/COLOR][/FONT][/SIZE][B][SIZE=4][FONT=Arial][COLOR=#3d3d3d]][/COLOR][/FONT][/SIZE][/B] [B][SIZE=4][FONT=Arial][COLOR=#3d3d3d][[/COLOR][/FONT][/SIZE][/B][SIZE=4][FONT=Arial][COLOR=#3d3d3d](a) The seat and restrain system in the airplane must be designed as prescribed in this section to protect each occupant during an emergency landing condition when--[/COLOR][/FONT][/SIZE] [SIZE=4][FONT=Arial][COLOR=#3d3d3d](1) Proper use is made of seats, safety belts, and shoulder harnesses provided for in the design; and[/COLOR][/FONT][/SIZE] [SIZE=4][FONT=Arial][COLOR=#3d3d3d](2) The occupant is exposed to loads resulting from the conditions prescribed in this section.[/COLOR][/FONT][/SIZE] [SIZE=4][FONT=Arial][COLOR=#3d3d3d](b) Each seat type design approved for crew or passenger occupancy during takeoff and landing must successfully complete dynamic tests or be demonstrated by rational analysis based on dynamic tests of a similar type seat, in accordance with each of the following emergency landing conditions. The tests must be conducted with an occupant simulated by a 170-pound anthropomorphic test dummy, as defined by 49 CFR Part 572, Subpart B, or its equivalent, sitting in the normal upright position.[/COLOR][/FONT][/SIZE] [SIZE=4][FONT=Arial][COLOR=#3d3d3d](1) A change in downward vertical velocity ([/COLOR][/FONT][/SIZE][B][SIZE=4][FONT=Arial][COLOR=#3d3d3d][SIZE=4][FONT=Symbol]D Ú[/FONT][/SIZE][/COLOR][/FONT][/SIZE][/B][SIZE=4][FONT=Symbol][COLOR=#3d3d3d])[/COLOR][/FONT][/SIZE][SIZE=4][FONT=Arial][COLOR=#3d3d3d] of not less than 35 feet per second, with the airplane's longitudinal axis canted downward 30 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane and with the wings level. Peak floor deceleration must occur in not more than 0.08 seconds after impact and must reach a minimum of 14g.[/COLOR][/FONT][/SIZE] [SIZE=4][FONT=Arial][COLOR=#3d3d3d](2) A change in forward longitudinal velocity ([/COLOR][/FONT][/SIZE][B][SIZE=4][FONT=Arial][COLOR=#3d3d3d][SIZE=4][FONT=Symbol]D Ú[/FONT][/SIZE][/COLOR][/FONT][/SIZE][/B][SIZE=4][FONT=Symbol][COLOR=#3d3d3d])[/COLOR][/FONT][/SIZE][SIZE=4][FONT=Arial][COLOR=#3d3d3d] of not less than 44 feet per second, with the airplane's longitudinal axis horizontal and yawed 10 degrees either right or left, whichever would cause the greatest likelihood of the upper torso restraint system (where installed) moving off the occupant's shoulder, and with the wings level. Peak floor deceleration must occur in not more than 0.09 seconds after impact and must reach a minimum of 16g. Where floor rails or floor fittings are used to attach the seating devices to the test fixture, the rails or fittings must be misaligned with respect to the adjacent set of rails or fittings by at least 10 degrees vertically (i.e., out of parallel) with one rolled 10 degrees.[/COLOR][/FONT][/SIZE] [SIZE=4][FONT=Arial][COLOR=#3d3d3d](c) The following performance measures must not be exceeded during the dynamic tests conducted in accordance with paragraph (b) of this section:[/COLOR][/FONT][/SIZE] [SIZE=4][FONT=Arial][COLOR=#3d3d3d](1) Where upper torso straps are used for crewmembers, tension loads in individual straps must not exceed 1,750 pounds. If dual straps are used for restraining the upper torso, the total strap tension loads must not exceed 2,000 pounds.[/COLOR][/FONT][/SIZE] [SIZE=4][FONT=Arial][COLOR=#3d3d3d](2) The maximum compressive load measured between the pelvis and the lumbar column of the anthropomorphic dummy must not exceed 1,500 pounds.[/COLOR][/FONT][/SIZE] [SIZE=4][FONT=Arial][COLOR=#3d3d3d](3) The upper torso restraint straps (where installed) must remain on the occupant's shoulder during the impact.[/COLOR][/FONT][/SIZE] [SIZE=4][FONT=Arial][COLOR=#3d3d3d](4) The lap safety belt must remain on the occupant's pelvis during the impact.[/COLOR][/FONT][/SIZE] [SIZE=4][FONT=Arial][COLOR=#3d3d3d](5) Each occupant must be protected from serious head injury under the conditions prescribed in paragraph (b) of this section. Where head contact with seats or other structure can occur, protection must be provided so that the head impact does not exceed a Head Injury Criterion (HIC) of 1,000 units. The level of HIC is defined by the equation:[/COLOR][/FONT][/SIZE] [SIZE=4][FONT=Arial][COLOR=#3d3d3d][IMG]http://rgl.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgFAR.nsf/0/7f3836bf826c43bc8525667200500b2b/SectionRule/0.159A!OpenElement&FieldElemFormat=gif[/IMG][/COLOR][/FONT][/SIZE] [I][SIZE=4][FONT=Arial][COLOR=#3d3d3d]Where:[/COLOR][/FONT][/SIZE][/I] [SIZE=4][FONT=Arial][COLOR=#3d3d3d]t1 is the initial integration time,[/COLOR][/FONT][/SIZE] [SIZE=4][FONT=Arial][COLOR=#3d3d3d]t2 is the final integration time, and[/COLOR][/FONT][/SIZE] [SIZE=4][FONT=Arial][COLOR=#3d3d3d]a(t) is the total acceleration vs. time curve for the head strike, and where[/COLOR][/FONT][/SIZE] [SIZE=4][FONT=Arial][COLOR=#3d3d3d](t) is in seconds, and (a) is in units of gravity (g).[/COLOR][/FONT][/SIZE] [SIZE=4][FONT=Arial][COLOR=#3d3d3d](6) Where leg injuries may result from contact with seats or other structure, protection must be provided to prevent axially compressive loads exceeding 2,250 pounds in each femur.[/COLOR][/FONT][/SIZE] [SIZE=4][FONT=Arial][COLOR=#3d3d3d](7) The seat must remain attached at all points of attachment, although the structure may have yielded.[/COLOR][/FONT][/SIZE] [SIZE=4][FONT=Arial][COLOR=#3d3d3d](8) Seats must not yield under the tests specified in paragraphs (b)(1) and (b)(2) of this section to the extent they would impede rapid evacuation of the airplane occupants.[/COLOR][/FONT][/SIZE][B][SIZE=4][FONT=Arial][COLOR=#3d3d3d]][/COLOR][/FONT][/SIZE][/B] [SIZE=4][FONT=Arial][COLOR=#3d3d3d]Amdt. 25-64, Eff. 6/16/88[/COLOR][/FONT][/SIZE] [/QUOTE]
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UN BOEING B-727 ES ESTRELLADO CONTRA EL SUELO…..ADREDE PARA UN EXPERIMENTO
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